Fluoroplastics are heat resistant, cold resistant, weather resistant, chemical resistant, solvent resistant, insulating and high frequency electrical properties. It has the characteristics of non-dryness, self-lubricating and low friction coefficient.

Polytetrafluoroethylene, perfluoro(ethylene-propylene) copolymer (FEP) is composed entirely of carbon atoms and fluorine atoms, while polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) and polyvinyl fluoride (PVF) molecules also contain hydrogen atoms. Polychlorotrifluoroethylene also contains chlorine atoms. The excellent properties of fluoroplastics are achieved by the high binding energy between carbon atoms and fluorine atoms. The main chain skeleton of polytetrafluoroethylene is a carbon atom, and the surrounding is completely surrounded by fluorine atoms, so its various properties* are high, while PFA, FEP, ETFE and other varieties have low softening point PTFE due to the influence of side groups, and other properties. Also changed.

1. Thermal properties Fluoroplastics are flame retardant and have excellent heat resistance. PTFE and PFA can be used continuously at temperatures up to 260 ° C and in the short term at 300 ° C. FEP is used at a temperature 60 ° C lower than them. The PCTFE* can be used at 120 °C. Fluoroplastics can cause changes in crystallinity when used at high temperatures for a long period of time, especially when manufacturing equipment linings.

2. Chemical resistance Fluoroplastics have excellent chemical resistance and solvent resistance, especially PTFE, PFA, FEP, etc., acid, alkali, and solvent are not etched on them. However, molten alkali metals, fluorine, and trifluorochlorinated hydrocarbons have different effects on them. PCTFE, ETFE, PVDF, etc. are slightly less resistant to chemicals in fluoroplastics, but much better than other plastics.

3. Electrical properties The electrical properties of fluoroplastics, especially high-frequency electrical properties, are unmatched by other materials. The polarities of PTFE, FEP, and PFA molecules are very low, they are small in temperature and frequency range, stable in relative dielectric constant, low in dielectric loss, and excellent in electrical insulation. Among them, PVDF also has specific piezoelectricity and pyroelectricity, which can be used to manufacture piezoelectric materials.

4. Mechanical properties Fluorine plastic molecules contain hydrogen and chlorine atoms increase their tensile strength. PTFE and

The embrittlement temperature of PCTFE is extremely low, showing excellent low temperature performance. PTFE has a low coefficient of friction and a specific self-lubrication

Slippery. However, PTFE has its own disadvantages such as large wear and cold flow. Various fillers can be filled to improve wear resistance and overcome cold flow.

5. Non-tacky Fluoroplastics have a specific non-tackiness. Especially in the PTPE, FEP, PFA and other molecules, the fluorine content is high, and the surface contact angle is very large, so that the liquid on the surface of the fluoroplastic product is spherical. It is not easy to bond with resin, so it is commonly used to make the surface of the cookware non-sticky.

6. Weather resistance Fluorine plastics of various varieties have excellent weather resistance, and their properties are not changed even after long-term exposure at severe temperatures.

7. Hydrophobic fluoroplastics have low water absorption, especially PTFE. Its hydrophobicity can be used to make breathable impervious composite fabrics and other equipment.

氟塑料的特性

氟塑料具有耐热、耐寒、耐候、耐药品、耐溶剂，绝缘性能及高频电性能优异．并具有不枯性、自润滑性、低磨擦系数等特点。

聚四氟乙烯、全氟(乙烯—丙烯)共聚物(FEP)完全是由碳原子和氟原子组成的，而聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)、聚氟乙烯(PVF)分子中还含有氢原子，聚三氟氯乙烯则还含氯原子。氟塑料的优异性能是由碳原子与氟原子间的高结合能实现。聚四氟乙烯的主链骨架是碳原子，而周围完全由氟原子包围，故其各种性能*高，而PFA、FEP、ETFE等品种由于侧基的影响，软化点低子PTFE，其他性能也有所变化。

1．热性能 氟塑料具有难燃性和优异的耐热性。PTFE和PFA的连续使用温度可达260℃，短期可在300℃下使用。FEP的使用温度要比它们低60℃。PCTFE的*高可在120℃下使用。氟塑料如长期在高温下使用会引起结晶度变化，在制造设备衬里时尤须注意。

2．耐药品性 氟塑料具有卓越的耐药品性和耐溶剂性，尤其是PTFE、PFA、FEP等，酸、碱、溶剂对它们均无浸蚀。但熔融碱金属、氟、三氟氯化烃对它们有不同程度的影响。PCTFE、ETFE、PVDF等在氟塑料中耐药品性稍差，但比其他塑料的耐腐蚀性还是好得多。

3．电性能 氟塑料的电性能尤其是高频电性能是其他材料难以匹敌的。PTFE、FEP、PFA分子的极性很低，在很宽的温度、频率区间变化都很小、相对介电常数稳定、介电损耗很低，电绝缘性优异。其中PVDF还有特异的压电性和焦电性，可用来制造压电材料。

4．机械性能 氟塑料分子中含氢、氯原子增加则其拉伸强度也有所提高。PTFE和

PCTFE的脆化温度极低，显示出极好的低温性能。PTFE具有*低的摩擦系数和特异的自润

滑性。但是PTFE又有自身磨耗大和冷流性等缺点。可采用填充各种填料以提高耐磨耗性，克服冷流性。

5．不粘性 氟塑料具有特异的不粘性。尤其象PTPE、FEP、PFA等分子中氟含量高，表面接触角非常大，使氟塑料制品表面上的液体成球状。不易与树脂粘接，故常用它制造炊具表面不粘徐层。

6．耐侯性 各品种的氟塑料都有优异的耐候性，即使在苛刻的温度下长期曝晒，其各种性能都没有变化。

7．憎水性 氟塑料的吸水率低，尤以PTFE为甚。可利用它的憎水性制造透气不透水的复合织物和其他装备。