Insulation parts and insulation structures made of heat shrinkable tube insulation materials must bear one or several mechanical loads at the same time, such as pulling, pressing, twisting, bending, concussion and so on. Therefore, it is required that the insulating material itself has certain mechanical strength.

The mechanical strength of heat shrinkable casing insulation materials generally decreases with the increase of temperature and humidity. As for the materials with high moisture absorption (such as organic fiber, insulating paper, etc.), the decrease is more significant. Therefore, when determining the mechanical strength of insulating materials, it must be carried out at specified temperature and humidity, such as special insulating tubes.

Some names used to indicate the mechanical strength of insulating materials and their implications are as follows:

1. shear strength

It represents the comprehensive ability of solid insulation materials to resist stab, rub and wear at specified temperature, pressure and vibration. For the winding or row of rows in the groove, it means the ability to resist burr loss.

2. tensile, compressive and flexural strength

They represent the solid insulation material under static state, which is subjected to gradual increase in tension, pressure and bending force until the maximum load is broken (expressed in kilogram / centimeter).

3. impact strength

It represents the ability of materials to bear work load. The strength of a unit cross-sectional area affected by impact failure is expressed in kilograms per centimeter / centimeter.

4. earthquake resistance

It indicates that the material will oscillate at a specific frequency and speed without changing the physical and mechanical properties of the material.

5. viscosity (viscous strength)

It indicates that a material can adhere to the properties of the material. The magnitude of the adhesive strength is expressed by the force (or the speed of detachment) when a material is separated from the base material (expressed in kilograms / centimeters).

6. hardness

It indicates the ability of material (surface layer) not to deform after compression. For coating and paint film, let the standard heavy hammer fall from the specified height to the material coating or paint film, and the height of the heavy hammer rebound indicates the hardness. For flexible and plastic materials (such as Li Qing), the degree of penetration is often used as a hardness index. Penetration is to exert a certain force on the standard needle, so that it can pierce the material into the N11 within the specified time, and the penetration depth is called penetration.

7. elastic and elastic modulus

Elasticity refers to the ability of materials to restore their original shape after removal of deformation stress. Elastic modulus refers to the ratio of stress to material when the material is elastic.

8. resistance strength

It indicates the firmness of laminating adhesion between laminated insulation materials. The material with high splitting strength is not easy to crack, and has good machinability. For insulating parts and components such as high voltage switches, traction motors, stator and rotor wedges for long term vibration and torsion loads, insulation materials with high interference strength are adopted.

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热缩管绝缘材料的耐机械强度

由热缩管绝缘材料构成的绝缘零件和绝缘结构，都要承受一种或同时承受几种形式的机械负荷，如:拉仲、重压、扭曲、弯折、震荡等。因此，要求绝缘材料本身具有一定的机械强度。

热缩套管绝缘材料的机械强度，一般都随温度和湿度的升高而下降。至于吸湿性高的材料(如有机纤维、绝缘纸类等)，其下降的幅度更大。因此，在测定绝缘材料的机械强度时，以在规定的温度和湿度下进行为准，例如特种绝缘管。

用来表示绝缘材料机械强度的一些名称及其含意如下:

1.抗切强度

它表示固体绝缘材料在规定的温度、压力和震动下，抗刺、擦和磨的综合能力。对于在槽内的绕组或线寸排色缘，则是指抗毛刺靡损的能力。

2.抗拉、抗压、抗弯强度

它们分别表示在静态下的固体绝缘材料，承受逐步增大的拉力、压力、弯力直到破坏时的最大负荷(以公斤/厘米²表示）

3.抗冲击强度

它表示材料承受功负荷的能力。以材料单位截面积受冲击破坏时的功表示其强度(以公斤·厘米/厘米²表示）

4.抗震性

它表示材料在特定频率和速度下震荡，不改变原有物理、机械特性的性能。

5.粘性(粘性强度)

它表示甲种材料能粘附在乙种材料上的性能。粘性强度的大小，是以甲种材料脱离乙种材料时所用的力(或脱离的速度)来表示(以公斤/厘米²表示)。

6.硬度

它表示材料(表面层)受压后不变形的能力。对于涂层和漆膜，是让标准重锤从规定高度落到材料涂层或漆膜上，由重锤回弹的高度来表示硬度的大小。对于柔韧和可塑材料(如沥青)，常以“针入度”的多少作为硬度指标。针入度—就是对标准针施加一定力量，使它在规定时n11内刺入材料，刺入的深度称为针入度。

7.弹性和弹性模数

弹性指材料在变形应力消除后，恢复原来形状的能力。弹性模数指材料在弹性应变时，材料的应力对应变之比。

8.抗势强度

它表示层压绝缘材料层间粘合的牢固程度。抗劈强度高的材料，不易开裂、起层，可加工性能良好。对于长期受震动并有扭力负荷的绝缘零、部件，如高压开关的拉升杆、电机定子、转子的槽楔等，采用扰劈强度较高的绝缘材料。

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