In recent years, with the rapid development of the automobile industry and the increase of the temperature of the automobile engine room, the use of modified fuel and strong corrosive engine fuel is becoming more and more popular.

In order to improve the power of automobile engines, save fuel and ensure the safety of vehicles, a new fuel injection system appears. In this system, the vehicle flows into the engine from the tank and then flows back to the tank. The mixture of gasoline and oxygen will produce hydroperoxide. The gasoline containing hydrogen peroxide is called "sour gasoline", which can soften or harden many kinds of hydrocarbon rubber. Fluorine rubber will not deteriorate and deteriorate due to contact with sour gasoline.

Every country in the world has formulated new environmental protection laws and regulations every year. The total hydrocarbon emissions of automobiles are increasingly restricted, and the automotive industry is more and more difficult to meet this requirement. In the United States, cars must be tested by SHED (sealed box evaporation) test. Fluorine rubber has excellent barrier properties for hydrocarbon permeation, and fluorine rubber heat shrinkable tubes can be used to reduce the permeability of hydrocarbon in the fuel hose structure.

The products of the automotive fuel system must function normally at the temperature range of -40 C ~150 C. However, fluorine rubber has low temperature resistance deterioration (increased glass transition temperature) with increasing fluorine content. In order to produce products with normal performance at -40 C, it is necessary to improve fluorine rubber products with poor cold resistance. Nowadays, perfluoroether rubber has been listed and effectively improved the low temperature performance of fluororubber, but it is difficult to popularize it at present because of the price problem.

The automotive industry is paying close attention to the methanol conversion of fuel, and is eager to carry out the research of FFV (Flexible Fuel Vehicle) that may adapt to any fuel. FFV of rubber parts is particularly urgent. When methanol and gasoline are mixed, the volume swelling of fluorine rubber is about 10%. But in terms of methanol, the volume swelling of fluoropolymer varies greatly due to the different fluorine content. When the fluorine content is high, there is almost no swelling, but with the decrease of fluorine content, the swelling will increase at low temperature, especially when the content of fluorine is 66%, the volume swelling will increase significantly. This is believed to be due to the close proximity of the methanol bond formed by hydrogen bonding at low temperature to the SP value of the polymer with a fluorine content of 66%.

In a sense, fluorine rubber is also a product that grows with the progress and development of the times. Although these materials are of high price, they are of high practical value due to their excellent wear resistance, oil resistance and reliability. Therefore, it is not surprising that their consumption is gradually increasing. The development of fluoride has great potential and possibility. We hope to develop more valuable fluoropolymers in the future.

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特种热缩管材料氟橡胶在汽车工业领域的应用

近年来，随着汽车工业飞速发展，汽车发动机室的温度增高，改性燃料和强腐蚀性发动机燃油的使用日益普遍，氟橡胶热缩管比以往更为广泛地用于汽车的密封防护。

为了提高汽车发动机的功率，节约燃料，保证汽车行驶的安全性，新的燃料喷射系统出现。在此系统中，汽车从油箱流入发动机，然后又返回油箱循环流动，汽油与氧混合会产生氢过氧化物。含有引氢过氧化物的汽油称为“酸性汽油”，它能使多种烃类橡胶软化或硬化。而氟橡胶不会因接触酸性汽油而产生劣化变质。

世界各国每年都制订新的环境保护法规。汽车的总烃排出量受到日益严格的限制，汽车工业越来越难满足这方面的要求。在美国，汽车必须经SHED（密封箱蒸发量测定）试验合格。氟橡胶对烃类的渗透有极优良的阻隔性，在燃油胶管结构中应用氟橡胶热缩管，即可减少烃的渗透量。

汽车燃料系统的制品，必须在-40℃~150℃的温度范围功能正常。但是氟橡胶随含氟量的增加耐低温性能劣化（玻璃化温度上升），为了制造在-40℃下性能正常的制品，需要对耐寒性差的氟橡胶产品进行改进。如今，全氟醚橡胶已经开发上市，有效地改善了氟橡胶的低温性能，但目前因价格问题还难以大量推广。

汽车行业都密切关注燃料的甲醇化，都急切地开展可能适应任何燃料的FFV（Flexible Fuel Vehicle）的研究，橡胶零件的FFV化尤为迫切。甲醇与汽油混合时，氟橡胶的体积溶胀约为10%左右。但单就甲醇而言，由于氟含量不同，氟橡胶的体积溶胀差别就很大。氟含量高时几乎不发生溶胀，但随着氟含量的降低，在低温区域下的溶胀就变大，尤其在氟含量为66%的情况下体积溶胀将显着增大。这可认为是由于低温下氢键产生的甲醇结合体与氟含量为66%的聚合物的SP值接近所致。

从某种意义上讲，氟橡胶也是随时代的进步与发展而成长的产物。尽管这些材料价格较高，但以其优良的耐磨性、耐油性及其可靠性等，具有较高的实用价值，因此，其用量在逐渐上升也不足为奇。氟化物的开发还有很大的潜力和可能性，期待今后能开发出使用价值更高的氟聚合物。

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